Judy W. Reed -- USA

There is little known about Judy W. Reed, of Washington, D.C, though she is considered to be the first African American woman to receive a United States patent

In January of 1884, Judy Reed applied for a patent on her “Dough Kneader and Roller” the application was for an improved design on existing dough kneaders. Reed’s device allowed the dough to mix more evenly, as it progressed between two rollers carved with corrugated slats that would act as kneaders.  The dough then passed into a covered receptacle to keep the dough clean and protected. 

Reed may not have been able to read, write or sign her name, but she may be the first African American woman to receive a patent. Signed with an "X," patent no. 305,474, granted September 23, 1884, is for a dough kneader and roller. 

It should be remembered that during the time of slavery, it was unlawful for slaves to be taught to read and write. Any slaves found reading, writing or teaching others, would be harshly punished or killed.